A Passover Discussion 4/16 2022 -ha Aviv 14

One in Messiah Congregation

קָּהָל אֶחָד בְּמָּשִׁיחַ

27 S. Maple Street, Hohenwald, Tn. 38462

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Email: ministermalachi@comcast.net

A part of the Congregation of Israel

עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל

Shabbat Shalom

שַׁבָּת שָׁלוֹם

Today, we use the Gregorian calendar from Pope Gregory; from the 1500’s,

The date is April 16, 2022 (in the 21 Century)

April -- Aphrodite's month

Old English April(is)
Latin Aprilis
Etruscan Apru
Greek Aphro, short for Aphrodite.

Aprilis had 30 days, until Numa when it had 29 days, until Julius when it became 30 days long.

Aphrodite is the Greek goddess of love and beauty. She is identified with the Roman goddess Venus.

The God of Israel has His own Calendar:

We are now in the first month of God called ha Aviv / Nisan, day 14

Exod.12 [1] … Yehovah spoke unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,
[2] This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.

Exod. 13 [3] And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which you came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand Yehovah brought you out from this place: There shall no leavened bread be eaten. [4] This day came you out in the month ha Aviv - ha Aviv

Esth.3 [7] In the first month, that is, the month Nisan,

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Feasts and Holy days

Passover - April 16 in Sat. evening - פֶּסַח

Feast of Unleavened Bread - April 17 to Sat. 23 are Sabbaths - חַג הַמַּצּוֹת

First fruits April 24 בִּכּוּרֵי

Feast of Weeks - June 12, Sunday a Sabbath Hag Sh'vu-ot - חַג שָׁבֻעֹת

Feast of Harvest Hag ha katseer - חַג הַקָּצִיר

Pentecost πεντηκοστή - pentēkoste

Today’s Topic:

A Passover discussion

We do these feasts in memorial the best we understand.

Exod.12

[1] And Yehovah spoke unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,
[2] This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.

[3] Speak you unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:
[4] And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbor next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.
[5] Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: you shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:
[6] And you shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.
[7] And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
[8] And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
[9] Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
[10] And you shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remain of it until the morning you shall burn with fire.
[11] And thus shall you eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste: it is Yehovah's Passover.
[12] For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am Yehovah.
[13] And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where you are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.
[14] And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and you shall keep it a feast to Yehovah throughout your generations; you shall keep it a feast by an ordinance forever.
[15] Seven days shall you eat unleavened bread; even the first day you shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
[16] And in the first day there shall be a holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be a holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.
[17] And you shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall you observe this day in your generations by an ordinance forever.

[18] In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.
[19] Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eats that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a stranger, or born in the land.
[20] Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall you eat unleavened bread.
[21] Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the Passover.
[22] And you shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.
[23] For Yehovah will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, Yehovah will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.
[24] And you shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to your sons forever.
[25] And it shall come to pass, when you are come to the land which Yehovah will give you, according as he hath promised, that you shall keep this service.

[26] And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, what mean you by this service?
[27] That you shall say, it is the sacrifice of Yehovah's Passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

[28] And the children of Israel went away, and did as Yehovah had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
[29] And it came to pass, that at midnight Yehovah smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharoah that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
[30] And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
[31] And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both you and the children of Israel; and go, serve Yehovah, as you have said.
[32] Also take your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone; and bless me also.
[33] And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, we are all dead men.
[34] And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
[35] And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:
[36] And Yehovah gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.
[37] And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.
[38] And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.
[39] And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.
[40] Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.
[41] And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of Yehovah went out from the land of Egypt.
[42] It is a night to be much observed unto Yehovah for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of Yehovah to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.

[43] And Yehovah said unto Moses and Aaron,

This is the ordinance of the Passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:

[44] But every man's servant that is bought for money, when you hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
[45] A foreigner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.
[46] In one house shall it be eaten; you shall not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall you break a bone thereof.
[47] All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
[48] And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the Passover to Yehovah, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.
[49] One law shall be to him that is home born, and unto the stranger that sojourns among you.
[50] Thus did all the children of Israel; as Yehovah commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
[51] And it came to pass the selfsame day that Yehovah did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.

Deut.16

[1] Observe the month of ha Aviv, and keep the Passover unto Yehovah your God: for in the month of ha Aviv Yehovah your God brought you forth out of Egypt by night.

[2] You shall therefore sacrifice the Passover unto Yehovah your God, of the flock and the herd, in the place which Yehovah shall choose to place his name there.

[3] You shall eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shall you eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for you came forth out of the land of Egypt in haste: that you may remember the day when you came forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of your life.

[4] And there shall be no leavened bread seen with you in all your coasts seven days; neither shall there anything of the flesh, which you sacrificed the first day at even, remain all night until the morning.

[5] You may not sacrifice the Passover within any of your gates, which Yehovah your God gives you:

[6] But at the place which Yehovah your God shall choose to place his name in, there you shall sacrifice the Passover at even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that you came forth out of Egypt.

[7] And you shall roast and eat it in the place which Yehovah your God shall choose: and you shall turn in the morning, and go unto your tents.

[8] Six days you shall eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be a solemn assembly to Yehovah your God: you shall do no work therein.

[9] Seven weeks shall you number unto you: begin to number the seven weeks from such time as you begin to put the sickle to the corn. wheat

[10] And you shall keep the feast of weeks unto Yehovah your God with a tribute of a freewill offering of your hand, which you shall give unto Yehovah your God, according as Yehovah your God hath blessed you:

[11] And you shall rejoice before Yehovah your God, you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite that is within your gates, and the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are among you, in the place which Yehovah your God hath chosen to place his name there.

[12] And you shall remember that you were a bondman in Egypt: and you shall observe and do these statutes.

[16] Three times in a year shall all your males appear before Yehovah your God in the place which he shall choose; in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles: and they shall not appear before Yehovah empty: [17] Every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of Yehovah your God which he hath given you.

From Num.9

2 Chr. 30 Hezekiah kept the Passover

[1] And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of Yehovah at Jerusalem, to keep the Passover unto Yehovah God of Israel.

[2] For the king had taken counsel, and his princes, and all the congregation in Jerusalem, to keep the Passover in the second month.

[3] For they could not keep it at that time, because the priests had not sanctified themselves sufficiently, neither had the people gathered themselves together to Jerusalem.

[4] And the thing pleased the king and all the congregation.

[5] So they established a decree to make proclamation throughout all Israel, from Beer-sheba even to Dan that they should come to keep the Passover unto Yehovah God of Israel at Jerusalem: for they had not done it of a long time in such sort as it was written.

[6] So the posts went with the letters from the king and his princes throughout all Israel and Judah, and according to the commandment of the king, saying, You children of Israel, turn again unto Yehovah God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, and he will return to the remnant of you, that are escaped out of the hand of the kings of Assyria.

[7] And be not you like your fathers, and like your brethren, which trespassed against Yehovah God of their fathers, who therefore gave them up to desolation, as you see.

[8] Now be you not stiff necked, as your fathers were, but yield yourselves unto Yehovah, and enter into his sanctuary, which he hath sanctified for ever: and serve Yehovah your God that the fierceness of his wrath may turn away from you.

[9] For if you turn again unto Yehovah, your brethren and your children shall find compassion before them that lead them captive, so that they shall come again into this land: for Yehovah your God is gracious and merciful, and will not turn away his face from you, if you return unto him.

[10] So the posts passed from city to city through the country of Ephraim and Manasseh even unto Zebulun: but they laughed them to scorn, and mocked them.

[11] Nevertheless divers of Asher and Manasseh and of Zebulun humbled themselves, and came to Jerusalem.

[12] Also in Judah the hand of God was to give them one heart to do the commandment of the king and of the princes, by the word of Yehovah.

[13] And there assembled at Jerusalem much people to keep the feast of unleavened bread in the second month, a very great congregation.

[14] And they arose and took away the altars that were in Jerusalem, and all the altars for incense took they away, and cast them into the brook Kidron.

[15] Then they killed the Passover on the fourteenth day of the second month: and the priests and the Levites were ashamed, and sanctified themselves, and brought in the burnt offerings into the house of Yehovah.

[16] And they stood in their place after their manner, according to the law of Moses the man of God: the priests sprinkled the blood, which they received of the hand of the Levites.

[17] For there were many in the congregation that was not sanctified: therefore the Levites had the charge of the killing of the Passovers for every one that was not clean, to sanctify them unto Yehovah.

[18] For a multitude of the people, even many of Ephraim, and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yout did they eat the Passover otherwise than it was written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, The good Yehovah pardon every one

[19] That prepares his heart to seek God, Yehovah God of his fathers, though he is not cleansed according to the purification of the sanctuary.

[20] And Yehovah hearkened to Hezekiah, and healed the people.

[21] And the children of Israel that were present at Jerusalem kept the feast of unleavened bread seven days with great gladness: and the Levites and the priests praised Yehovah day by day, singing with loud instruments unto Yehovah.

[22] And Hezekiah spoke comfortably unto all the Levites that taught the good knowledge of Yehovah: and they did eat throughout the feast seven days, offering peace offerings, and making confession to Yehovah God of their fathers.

[23] And the whole assembly took counsel to keep other seven days: and they kept other seven days with gladness.

[24] For Hezekiah king of Judah did give to the congregation a thousand bullocks and seven thousand sheep; and the princes gave to the congregation a thousand bullocks and ten thousand sheep: and a great number of priests sanctified themselves.

[25] And all the congregation of Judah, with the priests and the Levites, and all the congregation that came out of Israel, and the strangers that came out of the land of Israel, and that dwelt in Judah, rejoiced.

[26] So there was great joy in Jerusalem: for since the time of Solomon the son of David king of Israel there was not the like in Jerusalem.

[27] Then the priests the Levites arose and blessed the people: and their voice was heard, and their pray came up to his holy dwelling place, even unto heaven.

2 Chr. 34 - they acted immediately

[15] And Hilkiah (the high priest) answered and said to Shaphan the scribe I have found the book of the law in the house of Yehovah. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.

Always wondered what Hilkiah (the high priest) was doing before that…

[16] And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to your servants, they do it.
[17] And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of Yehovah, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen.
[18] Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
[19] And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes.
[20] And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king's, saying,
[21] Go, inquire of Yehovah for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of Yehovah that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of Yehovah, to do after all that is written in this book.
[22] And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spoke to her to that effect.
[23] And she answered them, Thus said Yehovah God of Israel, Tell you the man that sent you to me,
[24] Thus said Yehovah, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah:
[25] Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched.
[26] And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of Yehovah, so shall you say unto him, Thus said Yehovah God of Israel concerning the words which you hast heard;
[27] Because your heart was tender, and you didst humble yourself before God, when you heard his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbled yourself before me, and didst rend your clothes, and weep before me; I have even heard you also, said Yehovah.
[28] Behold, I will gather you to your fathers, and you shall be gathered to your grave in peace, neither shall your eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they brought the king word again.
[29] Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
[30] And the king went up into the house of Yehovah, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of Yehovah.
[31] And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before Yehovah, to walk after Yehovah, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are written in this book.
[32] And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.
[33] And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve Yehovah their God. And all his days they departed not from following Yehovah, the God of their fathers.

2 Chr. 35 - Josiah kept the Passover

[1] Moreover Josiah kept a Passover unto Yehovah in Jerusalem: and they killed the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.

[2] And he set the priests in their charges, and encouraged them to the service of the house of Yehovah,

[3] And said unto the Levites that taught all Israel, which were holy unto Yehovah, Put the holy ark in the house which Solomon the son of David king of Israel did build; it shall not be a burden upon your shoulders: serve now Yehovah your God, and his people Israel,

[4] And prepare yourselves by the houses of your fathers, after your courses, according to the writing of David king of Israel, and according to the writing of Solomon his son.

[5] And stand in the holy place according to the divisions of the families of the fathers of your brethren the people, and after the division of the families of the Levites.

[6] So kill the Passover, and sanctify yourselves, and prepare your brethren that they may do according to the word of Yehovah by the hand of Moses.

[7] And Josiah gave to the people, of the flock, lambs and kids, all for the Passover offerings, for all that were present, to the number of thirty thousand, and three thousand bullocks: these were of the king's substance.

[8] And his princes gave willingly unto the people, to the priests, and to the Levites: Hilkiah and Zechariah and Jehiel, rulers of the house of God, gave unto the priests for the Passover offerings two thousand and six hundred small cattle, and three hundred oxen.

[9] Conaniah also, and Shemaiah and Nethaneel, his brethren, and Hashabiah and Jeiel and Jozabad, chief of the Levites, gave unto the Levites for Passover offerings five thousand small cattle, and five hundred oxen.

[10] So the service was prepared, and the priests stood in their place, and the Levites in their courses, according to the king's commandment.

[11] And they killed the Passover, and the priests sprinkled the blood from their hands, and the Levites flayed them.

[12] And they removed the burnt offerings that they might give according to the divisions of the families of the people, to offer unto Yehovah, as it is written in the book of Moses. And so did they with the oxen.

[13] And they roasted the Passover with fire according to the ordinance: but the other holy offerings sod they in pots, and in caldrons, and in pans, and divided them speedily among all the people.

[14] And afterward they made ready for themselves, and for the priests: because the priests the sons of Aaron were busy in offering of burnt offerings and the fat until night; therefore the Levites prepared for themselves, and for the priests the sons of Aaron.

[15] And the singers the sons of Asaph were in their place, according to the commandment of David, and Asaph, and Heman, and Jeduthun the king's seer; and the porters waited at every gate; they might not depart from their service; for their brethren the Levites prepared for them.

[16] So all the service of Yehovah was prepared the same day, to keep the Passover, and to offer burnt offerings upon the altar of Yehovah, according to the commandment of king Josiah

[17] And the children of Israel that were present kept the Passover at that time, and the feast of unleavened bread seven days.

[18] And there was no Passover like to that kept in Israel from the days of Samuel the prophet; neither did all the kings of Israel keep such a Passover as Josiah kept, and the priests, and the Levites, and all Judah and Israel that were present, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

[19] In the eighteenth year of the reign of Josiah was this Passover kept.

[20] After all this, when Josiah had prepared the temple, Necho king of Egypt came up to fight against Carchemish by Euphrates: and Josiah went out against him.

[21] But he sent ambassadors to him, saying, what have I to do with you, you king of Judah? I come not against you this day, but against the house wherewith I have war: for God commanded me to make haste: forbear you from meddling with God, who is with me, that he destroys you not.

[22] Nevertheless Josiah would not turn his face from him, but disguised himself, that he might fight with him, and hearkened not unto the words of Necho from the mouth of God, and came to fight in the valley of Megiddo.

[23] And the archers shot at king Josiah; and the king said to his servants, Have me away; for I am sore wounded.

[24] His servants therefore took him out of that chariot, and put him in the second chariot that he had; and they brought him to Jerusalem, and he died, and was buried in one of the sepulchers of his fathers. And all Judah and Jerusalem mourned for Josiah.

[25] And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah: and all the singing men and the singing women spoke of Josiah in their lamentations to this day, and made them an ordinance in Israel: and, behold, they are written in the lamentations.

[26] Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and his goodness, according to that which was written in the law of Yehovah,

[27] And his deeds, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah.

Ezra 6 - Passover

[14] And the elders of the Jews built, and they prospered through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. And they built, and finished it, according to the commandment of the God of Israel, and according to the commandment of Cyrus, and Darius, and Artaxerxes king of Persia.

[15] And this house was finished on the third day of the month Adar, which was in the sixth year of the reign of Darius the king.

[16] And the children of Israel, the priests, and the Levites, and the rest of the children of the captivity, kept the dedication of this house of God with joy,

[17] And offered at the dedication of this house of God an hundred bullocks, two hundred rams, four hundred lambs; and for a sin offering for all Israel, twelve he goats, according to the number of the tribes of Israel.

[18] And they set the priests in their divisions, and the Levites in their courses, for the service of God, which is at Jerusalem; as it is written in the book of Moses.

[19] And the children of the captivity kept the Passover upon the fourteenth day of the first month.

[20] For the priests and the Levites were purified together, all of them were pure, and killed the Passover for all the children of the captivity, and for their brethren the priests, and for themselves.

[21] And the children of Israel, which were come again out of captivity, and all such as had separated themselves unto them from the filthiness of the heathen of the land, to seek Yehovah God of Israel, did eat,[22] And kept the feast of unleavened bread seven days with joy: for Yehovah had made them joyful, and turned the heart of the king of Assyria unto them, to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God, the God of Israel.

In closing for now,

Remember, these Feasts and holydays were observed 1000's of years later in the Gospels and Letters. We do them today in the 21 century

See you later this evening for Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread